Wordpress 2023: verschil tussen versies

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Regel 1: Regel 1:
 +
[[Category:Servers network & websites]]
 
New setup for Wordpress 2023.
 
New setup for Wordpress 2023.
  
Regel 7: Regel 8:
 
       apt install apache2 php php-mysql
 
       apt install apache2 php php-mysql
 
       apt install mariadb-server mariadb-client
 
       apt install mariadb-server mariadb-client
 +
 +
Generate a strong password, e.g. with
 +
 +
    openssl rand -base64 32
 +
 +
Then disable external access, remove anon users, etc, etc:
 +
 
       mysql_secure_installation
 
       mysql_secure_installation
  
−
Create baseline:
+
Create baseline setup with:
  
 
       mysql -u root -p
 
       mysql -u root -p
  
−
And enter
+
And give the SQL commands:
  
 
       CREATE DATABASE wordpress_db;
 
       CREATE DATABASE wordpress_db;
−
       CREATE USER 'wp_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'XXXX';
+
       CREATE USER 'wp_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'PPPPP';
 
       GRANT ALL ON wordpress_db.* TO 'wp_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
 
       GRANT ALL ON wordpress_db.* TO 'wp_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
 
       FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
 
       FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
 
       Exit;
 
       Exit;
  
−
Fetch the latest Wordpress and check
+
Where 'PPPPP' is that password generated above.
 +
 
 +
Fetch the latest Wordpress and check:
  
 
   cd /tmp && wget https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
 
   cd /tmp && wget https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
 +
  openssl sha256 https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
 +
 +
# Check sha256 against the Wordpress website.
 +
 
   cd /var/www/html
 
   cd /var/www/html
−
   tar zxf /tmp/latest.tar.gz  
+
   tar zxf /tmp/latest.tar.gz
 
   cp -R wordpress /var/www/html
 
   cp -R wordpress /var/www/html
 +
  rm /tmp/latest.tar.gz
 
   chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/wordpress/
 
   chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/wordpress/
 
   chmod -R 755 /var/www/html/wordpress/
 
   chmod -R 755 /var/www/html/wordpress/
Regel 35: Regel 50:
  
 
   vi sites-enabled/000-default.conf  
 
   vi sites-enabled/000-default.conf  
−
+
 
 
Add settings to /etc/php/*/php.ini:  
 
Add settings to /etc/php/*/php.ini:  
  
Regel 41: Regel 56:
 
     post_max_size=128M  
 
     post_max_size=128M  
 
     memory_limit=256M
 
     memory_limit=256M
 +
 +
And restart apache
 +
 +
  apachectl restart
 +
 +
Then go to the website; and fill out the above details (e.g. wordpress_db, wp_user and password PPPPP).
 +
 +
= Backups =
 +
 +
Backups have been set up as a variation on [[Server backups / Duplicity]]. The main change is that only wordpress and its database are backed up.
 +
 +
The GPG key was set up with the commands:
 +
 +
    mkdir /etc/duplicity
 +
    cd /etc/duplicity
 +
    export GNUPGHOME=`pwd`
 +
    gpg --generate-key
 +
 +
The passphrase is shown as ZZZZ in below. An easy way to generate a strong passphrase is with:
 +
 +
    openssl rand -base64 32
 +
 +
Obtain key ID (YYYY in below):
 +
 +
    gpg --list-secret-keys
 +
 +
The trustee decruption key was taken from the [[Server backups / Duplicity]] process and its key id also obtained (XXXX in below):
 +
 +
    gpg --import public-key.###
 +
    gpg --list-keys
 +
 +
Then edit the trust in this key to `ultimate'
 +
   
 +
    gpg --edit-key XXXXXX
 +
    option 5, yes, save
 +
 +
The standard run.sh script was adapted as per below. Note a different MySQL location (change in ubuntu).
 +
 +
  #!/bin/sh
 +
  set -e
 +
  umask 077
 +
 
 +
  DIR=/etc/duplicity
 +
  W=incremental
 +
  if [ $# != 0 ]; then
 +
  W=$1
 +
  shift
 +
  fi
 +
  T=
 +
  if [ $W = full -o $W = incremental ];then
 +
  T=/
 +
  mysqldump --all-databases --single-transaction --quick --lock-tables=false  |\
 +
                gzip -9 > /var/lib/mysql/mysql-dump.gz
 +
  fi
 +
 
 +
  # Verbose level 2 is errors and warnings; this way we skip
 +
  # notices and quell all output if the backup is a success.
 +
  #
 +
  VERBOSE=${VERBOSE:-2}
 +
 
 +
  PASSPHRASE="ZZZZZ" LANG=en_US.UTF8  LC_CTYPE=C HOME=$DIR GNUPGHOME=$DIR  \
 +
        PYTHONWARNINGS="ignore::DeprecationWarning" \
 +
  python3 -W ignore::DeprecationWarning /usr/bin/duplicity $W $* \
 +
  \
 +
  -v $VERBOSE \
 +
  --hidden-encrypt-key XXX \
 +
  --sign-key          YYY \
 +
  --ssh-options="-i $DIR/backup.sftp -oUserKnownHostsFile=$DIR/knownhosts" \
 +
  --no-print-statistics \
 +
  \
 +
        --include /var/www \
 +
        --include /etc \
 +
  --include /var/lib/mysql/mysql-dump.gz \
 +
  --exclude /etc/duplicity/.cache \
 +
  --exclude '**' \
 +
  \
 +
  $T \
 +
  sftp://xxxx@xxxx.com/backups 2>&1 |\
 +
                tee /var/log/last-duplcity-backup.new |\
 +
                grep -v DeprecationWarning | grep -v algorithm=hashes.SHA1
 +
  mv /var/log/last-duplcity-backup.new /var/log/duplicity.log
 +
mv /var/log/duplicity.log.gz /var/log/duplicity.prevlog.gz || true
 +
  gzip /var/log/duplicity.log || true
 +
  exit $?
 +
 +
And the crons where installed:
 +
 +
    MAILTO=noc@makerspaceleiden.nl
 +
    # monthly full, incrementals during the week.
 +
    #
 +
    3 3  1    * * root test -x  /etc/duplicity/run.sh && /etc/duplicity/run.sh full
 +
    3 3  2-31 * * root test -x  /etc/duplicity/run.sh && /etc/duplicity/run.sh incremental
 +
    # Half year retention for full; 1 months for the incrementals
 +
    #
 +
    1 1  * * 1 root test -x  /etc/duplicity/run.sh && /etc/duplicity/run.sh remove-all-but-n-full 6
 +
    1 2  * * 1 root test -x  /etc/duplicity/run.sh && /etc/duplicity/run.sh remove-all-inc-of-but-n-full 1

Huidige versie van 29 jul 2024 om 23:06

New setup for Wordpress 2023.

Standard Hetzner setup. Enable firewall. Move SSH to port 2222. 

     apt update
     apt upgrade
     apt install apache2 php php-mysql
     apt install mariadb-server mariadb-client

Generate a strong password, e.g. with 

   openssl rand -base64 32

Then disable external access, remove anon users, etc, etc: 

     mysql_secure_installation

Create baseline setup with: 

     mysql -u root -p

And give the SQL commands: 

     CREATE DATABASE wordpress_db;
     CREATE USER 'wp_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'PPPPP';
     GRANT ALL ON wordpress_db.* TO 'wp_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
     FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
     Exit;

Where 'PPPPP' is that password generated above.

Fetch the latest Wordpress and check: 

  cd /tmp && wget https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
  openssl sha256 https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
  1. Check sha256 against the Wordpress website.
  cd /var/www/html
  tar zxf /tmp/latest.tar.gz
  cp -R wordpress /var/www/html
  rm /tmp/latest.tar.gz
  chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/wordpress/
  chmod -R 755 /var/www/html/wordpress/
  mkdir /var/www/html/wordpress/wp-content/uploads
  chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/

Updated the docroot to Wordpress: 

  vi sites-enabled/000-default.conf

Add settings to /etc/php/*/php.ini: 

   upload_max_filesize=128M 
   post_max_size=128M 
   memory_limit=256M

And restart apache 

  apachectl restart

Then go to the website; and fill out the above details (e.g. wordpress_db, wp_user and password PPPPP).

Backups

Backups have been set up as a variation on Server backups / Duplicity. The main change is that only wordpress and its database are backed up.

The GPG key was set up with the commands: 

    mkdir /etc/duplicity
    cd /etc/duplicity
    export GNUPGHOME=`pwd`
    gpg --generate-key

The passphrase is shown as ZZZZ in below. An easy way to generate a strong passphrase is with: 

    openssl rand -base64 32

Obtain key ID (YYYY in below): 

    gpg --list-secret-keys

The trustee decruption key was taken from the Server backups / Duplicity process and its key id also obtained (XXXX in below): 

    gpg --import public-key.###
    gpg --list-keys

Then edit the trust in this key to `ultimate' 

    gpg --edit-key XXXXXX
    option 5, yes, save

The standard run.sh script was adapted as per below. Note a different MySQL location (change in ubuntu). 

 #!/bin/sh
 set -e
 umask 077
 
 DIR=/etc/duplicity
 W=incremental
 if [ $# != 0 ]; then
 	W=$1
 	shift
 fi
 T=
 if [ $W = full -o $W = incremental ];then
 	T=/
  	mysqldump --all-databases --single-transaction --quick --lock-tables=false  |\
               gzip -9 > /var/lib/mysql/mysql-dump.gz
 fi
  
  # Verbose level 2 is errors and warnings; this way we skip
  # notices and quell all output if the backup is a success.
  #
  VERBOSE=${VERBOSE:-2}
  
  PASSPHRASE="ZZZZZ" LANG=en_US.UTF8  LC_CTYPE=C HOME=$DIR GNUPGHOME=$DIR  \
       PYTHONWARNINGS="ignore::DeprecationWarning" \
 		python3 -W ignore::DeprecationWarning /usr/bin/duplicity $W $* \
 		\
 			-v $VERBOSE \
 			--hidden-encrypt-key XXX \
 			--sign-key           YYY \
 			--ssh-options="-i $DIR/backup.sftp -oUserKnownHostsFile=$DIR/knownhosts" \
 			--no-print-statistics \
 	\
       --include /var/www \
       --include /etc \
 	--include /var/lib/mysql/mysql-dump.gz \
 	--exclude /etc/duplicity/.cache \
 	--exclude '**' \
 	\
 	$T \
 	sftp://xxxx@xxxx.com/backups 2>&1 |\
               tee /var/log/last-duplcity-backup.new |\
               grep -v DeprecationWarning | grep -v algorithm=hashes.SHA1
 	mv /var/log/last-duplcity-backup.new /var/log/duplicity.log
	mv /var/log/duplicity.log.gz /var/log/duplicity.prevlog.gz || true
 	gzip /var/log/duplicity.log || true
 exit $?

And the crons where installed: 

   MAILTO=noc@makerspaceleiden.nl
   # monthly full, incrementals during the week.
   #
   3 3  1    * *	root test -x  /etc/duplicity/run.sh && /etc/duplicity/run.sh full
   3 3  2-31 * *	root test -x  /etc/duplicity/run.sh && /etc/duplicity/run.sh incremental
   # Half year retention for full; 1 months for the incrementals
   #
   1 1  * * 1	 root test -x  /etc/duplicity/run.sh && /etc/duplicity/run.sh remove-all-but-n-full 6
   1 2  * * 1	 root test -x  /etc/duplicity/run.sh && /etc/duplicity/run.sh remove-all-inc-of-but-n-full 1
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